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PEP: | 224 |
---|---|
Title: | Attribute Docstrings |
Author: | mal at lemburg.com (Marc-André Lemburg) |
Status: | Rejected |
Type: | Standards Track |
Created: | 23-Aug-2000 |
Python-Version: | 2.1 |
Post-History: |
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Contents
This PEP describes the 'attribute docstring' proposal for Python2.0. This PEP tracks the status and ownership of this feature.It contains a description of the feature and outlines changesnecessary to support the feature. The CVS revision history ofthis file contains the definitive historical record.
![Visual Attributed String 2.1 Visual Attributed String 2.1](/uploads/1/2/6/0/126036966/321159280.png)
This PEP proposes a small addition to the way Python currentlyhandles docstrings embedded in Python code.
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Python currently only handles the case of docstrings which appeardirectly after a class definition, a function definition or asfirst string literal in a module. The string literals are addedto the objects in question under the __doc__ attribute and arefrom then on available for introspection tools which can extractthe contained information for help, debugging and documentationpurposes.
Docstrings appearing in locations other than the ones mentionedare simply ignored and don't result in any code generation.
Here is an example:
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The docstrings (1) and (2) are currently being ignored by thePython byte code compiler, but could obviously be put to good usefor documenting the named assignments that precede them.
This PEP proposes to also make use of these cases by proposingsemantics for adding their content to the objects in which theyappear under new generated attribute names.
The original idea behind this approach which also inspired theabove example was to enable inline documentation of classattributes, which can currently only be documented in the class'sdocstring or using comments which are not available forintrospection.
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Docstrings are handled by the byte code compiler as expressions.The current implementation special cases the few locationsmentioned above to make use of these expressions, but otherwiseignores the strings completely.
To enable use of these docstrings for documenting namedassignments (which is the natural way of defining e.g. classattributes), the compiler will have to keep track of the lastassigned name and then use this name to assign the content of thedocstring to an attribute of the containing object by means ofstoring it in as a constant which is then added to the object'snamespace during object construction time.
In order to preserve features like inheritance and hiding ofPython's special attributes (ones with leading and trailing doubleunderscores), a special name mangling has to be applied whichuniquely identifies the docstring as belonging to the nameassignment and allows finding the docstring later on by inspectingthe namespace.
The following name mangling scheme achieves all of the above:
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To keep track of the last assigned name, the byte code compilerstores this name in a variable of the compiling structure. Thisvariable defaults to NULL. When it sees a docstring, it thenchecks the variable and uses the name as basis for the above namemangling to produce an implicit assignment of the docstring to themangled name. It then resets the variable to NULL to avoidduplicate assignments.
If the variable does not point to a name (i.e. is NULL), noassignments are made. These will continue to be ignored likebefore. All classical docstrings fall under this case, so noduplicate assignments are done.
In the above example this would result in the following new classattributes to be created:
A patch to the current CVS version of Python 2.0 which implementsthe above is available on SourceForge at [1].
Since the implementation does not reset the compiling structurevariable when processing a non-expression, e.g. a functiondefinition, the last assigned name remains active until either thenext assignment or the next occurrence of a docstring.
This can lead to cases where the docstring and assignment may beseparated by other expressions:
Since the definition of method 'x' currently does not reset theused assignment name variable, it is still valid when the compilerreaches the docstring 'b's doc string' and thus assigns the stringto __doc_b__.
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A possible solution to this problem would be resetting the namevariable for all non-expression nodes in the compiler.
Even though highly unlikely, attribute docstrings could getaccidentally concatenated to the attribute's value:
![Attributed Attributed](/uploads/1/2/6/0/126036966/138981783.png)
The trailing slash would cause the Python compiler to concatenatethe attribute value and the docstring.
A modern syntax highlighting editor would easily make thisaccident visible, though, and by simply inserting empty linesbetween the attribute definition and the docstring you can avoidthe possible concatenation completely, so the problem isnegligible.
Another possible problem is that of using triple quoted strings asa way to uncomment parts of your code.
If there happens to be an assignment just before the start of thecomment string, then the compiler will treat the comment asdocstring attribute and apply the above logic to it.
Besides generating a docstring for an otherwise undocumentedattribute there is no breakage.
This document has been placed in the Public Domain.
[1] | http://sourceforge.net/patch/?func=detailpatch&patch_id=101264&group_id=5470 |